PHEVs fill the gap between traditional hybrids and pure electric vehicles by combining the flexibility of zero-emissions driving with the range of a gas-powered car. They charge using a built-in cable and provide up to a certain amount of all-electric range before the engine kicks in.
The power generated by the battery is typically used to drive an electric motor that drives the wheels directly, or through a transmission, which can reduce mechanical friction and offer better fuel economy and more torque than a conventional gasoline engine. During regenerative braking, the electric motor acts as a generator and recaptures kinetic energy that would otherwise be lost to recharge the battery or use it for other vehicle functions.
As you drive, the gas engine and electric motor operate in parallel or series configuration depending on your driving style and road conditions. Unlike conventional hybrids that can recharge their smaller batteries while driving, a plug-in hybrid’s larger battery requires a dedicated charging cable and time to replenish.
You can charge your PHEV at home, at work or at public charging stations. If you choose to do so, be sure your model is equipped with a 240V AC level 2 charger for faster and safer charging. The longer the battery holds a charge, the more miles you can cover on electric power alone. But it’s important to set your expectations realistically, since most drivers wind up driving less than what manufacturers claim in their all-electric estimates.
The all-electric range for most Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles is between 10 and 50 miles. You can extend your range to 300+ miles when you switch to gasoline-electric hybrid mode and use a combination of both electric and gas-powered driving. Some models even let you recharge the battery while on the go by converting electrical energy from the engine and regenerative braking back into power to the battery.
Just like gasoline-powered cars, PHEVs need routine maintenance such as oil changes and filters. But they’re significantly less prone to noise and vibration, have far fewer moving parts than traditional combustion-engined cars, and produce significantly fewer emissions. Regenerative braking also prolongs the life of brake pads and offers the benefit of saving on costly repairs.
PHEVs offer the speed, torque and quiet ride of an electric car with great mile per gallon ratings in hybrid mode and even lower pollution on longer trips when they use the gasoline engine. But they still require more frequent visits to the gas pumps than conventional hybrids, and their larger batteries are costly.
Unless you’re planning to do most of your driving in all-electric mode, it’s hard to justify the extra cost and inconvenience of a plug-in hybrid. Fortunately, regular hybrids remain a reliable and affordable option for most drivers. Incentives are available for eligible hybrids and PHEVs, including a Clean Air Vehicle decal and programs that support clean transportation ownership in low-income and disadvantaged communities. Check our incentives search to find a list of programs in your area.